Electric Vehicles: Modelling & Simulations

An electric vehicle (EV), also referred to as an electric drive vehicle, uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion. All-electric vehicles (EVs) run on electricity only. They are propelled by one or more electric motors powered by rechargeable battery packs. EVs have several advantages over vehicles with internal combustion engines. Electric vehicles convert about 59%62% of the electrical energy from the grid to power at the wheelsconventional gasoline vehicles only convert about 17%21% of the energy stored in gasoline to power at the wheels. EVs emit no tailpipe pollutants, although the power plant producing the electricity may emit them. Electricity from nuclear-, hydro-, solar-, or wind-powered plants causes no air pollutants. Electric motors provide quiet, smooth operation and stronger acceleration and require less maintenance than ICEs. However, researchers are working on improved battery technologies to increase driving range and decrease recharging time, weight, and cost. These factors will ultimately determine the future of EVs. EVs first came into existence in the mid-19th century, when electricity was among the preferred methods for motor vehicle propulsion, providing a level of comfort and ease of operation that could not be achieved by the gasoline cars of the time. The internal combustion engine (ICE) has been the dominant propulsion method for motor vehicles for almost 100 years, but electric power has remained commonplace in other vehicle types, such as trains and smaller vehicles of all types. This book emphasizes on modeling and simulation of electric vehicles and their components. Mathematical models for electrical vehicles and their components were introduced and merged together to make this book a guide for industry, academia and policy-makers.